Public Health Nursing Practice Exam

What is a common health issue faced by communities in poorer regions?

1. Access to advanced medical technology

2. High prevalence of non-communicable diseases

3. Limited availability of clean water

4. Low incidence of infectious diseases

The correct answer is: Limited availability of clean water

Limited availability of clean water is indeed a common health issue faced by communities in poorer regions. Access to clean water is fundamental to public health, as it directly affects sanitation, hygiene, and overall health. In many impoverished areas, water sources can be contaminated with pathogens or pollutants, leading to a range of health problems, including waterborne diseases such as cholera, diarrhea, and dysentery. This scarcity not only increases the risk of these diseases but also affects nutrition and health care access, as individuals may be unable to maintain proper hygiene practices. In contrast, access to advanced medical technology is typically more prevalent in wealthier regions, making it less of a challenge for poorer communities. While high prevalence of non-communicable diseases can be an emerging issue, especially as lifestyle changes occur, the acute problems stemming from lack of clean water are often more immediate and devastating. Additionally, low incidence of infectious diseases is not a common feature in poorer regions, where such diseases remain a significant concern due to factors like overcrowding and limited healthcare infrastructure.