Public Health Nursing Practice Exam

A case manager is concerned about developmental issues for a child living in poverty. What risk factor is most relevant?

1. Ear infections

2. Frequent colds and infections

3. Developmental delays

4. Irritability

The correct answer is: Developmental delays

The concern for developmental issues in a child living in poverty aligns closely with the risk factor of developmental delays. Children in poverty often face numerous challenges that can hinder their cognitive, social, and emotional development, including limited access to health care, educational resources, and stimulating environments. These factors directly impact their ability to reach developmental milestones, leading to delays. Developmental delays may manifest in various ways; children might struggle with communication skills, motor skills, or social interactions. Identifying and addressing these delays early is crucial, as they can affect the child’s overall well-being and future opportunities. While ear infections, frequent colds and infections, and irritability can certainly be relevant health concerns in the context of a child's overall development and health, they do not specifically indicate the direct impact on a child's developmental trajectory in the same way that developmental delays do. These conditions may contribute to a challenging environment but are not as directly indicative of the risk for developmental problems as the delays themselves. Thus, the most pertinent risk factor in this scenario is developmental delays, as they are a direct reflection of how poverty can impact child development.